Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA)

Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive damage to the nervous system. With early diagnosis and management, individuals with FA can improve quality of life, though the condition typically leads to progressive disability and a shortened life expectancy.

  • Cause: Caused by mutations in the FXN gene, leading to a deficiency in frataxin, a protein involved in mitochondrial function. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.

  • Features: Ataxia (loss of coordination and balance), particularly in the legs and trunk, muscle weakness, vision and hearing problems, speech difficulties, and scoliosis (curvature of the spine), heart problems, including cardiomyopathy, are common and can be life-threatening, diabetes may also occur in some individuals.

  • Diagnosis: Confirmed through genetic testing for mutations in the FXN gene.

  • Treatment: No cure, but treatment focuses on symptom management, including physical therapy, speech therapy, and medications for associated conditions.

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